Japan's pension division system splits Employee Pension records accumulated during marriage upon divorce. Agreed Division (Employee Pension Act Art. 78-2): requires mutual agreement or court decision on split ratio (up to 50%, courts typically grant 50%), applies to divorces after April 2007. Category 3 Division (Art. 78-14): automatic 50% split for Category 3 insured periods (dependent spouse) after April 2008, no consent required. Deadline: within 2 years of divorce. Only Employee Pension proportional component is divided (not National Pension basic benefit, corporate pensions, or iDeCo). Split affects future pension amounts, not immediate payments.
Pension Division in Divorce in Japan: Agreed vs. Category 3 Division
Key Takeaways
- ✓Pension splitting must be requested within 2 years of divorce
- ✓Category 3 splitting requires no spousal consent for homemakers
- ✓Consensual splitting involves negotiating the division ratio between spouses
- ✓Only pension records during the marriage period are subject to division
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