Internet Issues
Electronic Signature
Measures verifying the creator's identity and data integrity for electronic records (Electronic Signature Act Art. 2). Certified electronic signatures have the same legal effect as handwritten signatures.
Statute Reference
電子署名法2条1項・3条
Related Terms
Related Articles
Online Defamation: How to File a Sender Disclosure Request in Japan
How to identify anonymous online defamers through sender disclosure requests in Japan, including the 2022 legal reform.
Legal Remedies for Revenge Porn in Japan
Legal remedies for non-consensual intimate images in Japan, including removal requests and criminal complaints.
Free Tools
This article provides general legal information and does not constitute legal advice. For specific legal issues, please consult with a qualified attorney.
Find a lawyer through your local bar association
JFBA Legal Consultation Guide →