Cyberbullying falls under Japan's Bullying Prevention Act Art. 2(1), explicitly including internet-based bullying. Bully's criminal liability: defamation (Penal Code Art. 230, 3 years), insult (Art. 231, strengthened 2022 to 1 year), intimidation (Art. 222). Civil: tort damages (Art. 709), parental liability for minors (Art. 714). Schools must: establish prevention plans (Act Art. 13), create anti-bullying committees (Art. 22), conduct surveys (Art. 16), respond to reports (Art. 23), and investigate "serious incidents" (Art. 28). Platforms: sender disclosure (Provider Liability Act Art. 5), deletion requests (Art. 3). Resources: Children's Human Rights Hotline (0120-007-110).
Cyberbullying Legal Liability in Japan: Bullies, Schools, and Platforms
Key Takeaways
- ✓Cyberbullying may constitute defamation or insult under criminal law
- ✓Schools have a duty of care and are required to address bullying
- ✓Deletion requests to site administrators can stop the spread of harmful posts
- ✓Parents may be liable for damages even when the bully is a minor
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